Ostermayer: Created page with "==General== Type: Is Generation::4th generation Is DrugClass::Cephalosporin Dosage Forms: Tablet, Granules for suspension Dosage Strengths: 100mg, 200mg (as cefdaloxime pentexil) Routes of Administration: PO Common Trade Names: Cefdal (Investigational/International) ==Adult Dosing== ===General=== Standard: 200mg PO q12h Administer with food to increase absorption ===Community Acquired Pneumonia=== 200mg PO q12h x 10 days ===Acute Bacterial Exacerba..."

2026-01-28T19:31:35Z

Created page with "==General== *Type: Is Generation::4th generation Is DrugClass::Cephalosporin *Dosage Forms: Tablet, Granules for suspension *Dosage Strengths: 100mg, 200mg (as cefdaloxime pentexil) *Routes of Administration: PO *Common Trade Names: Cefdal (Investigational/International) ==Adult Dosing== ===General=== *Standard: 200mg PO q12h *Administer with food to increase absorption ===Community Acquired Pneumonia=== *200mg PO q12h x 10 days ===Acute Bacterial Exacerba..."

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==General==
*Type: [[Is Generation::4th generation]] [[Is DrugClass::Cephalosporin]]
*Dosage Forms: Tablet, Granules for suspension
*Dosage Strengths: 100mg, 200mg (as cefdaloxime pentexil)
*Routes of Administration: PO
*Common Trade Names: Cefdal (Investigational/International)

==Adult Dosing==
===General===
*Standard: 200mg PO q12h
*Administer with food to increase absorption

===Community Acquired [[Pneumonia]]===
*200mg PO q12h x 10 days

===Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic [[Bronchitis]]===
*200mg PO q12h x 5-10 days

===[[Pharyngitis]] / Tonsillitis===
*100mg PO q12h x 5-10 days

===[[UTI]], Uncomplicated===
*100-200mg PO q12h x 7 days

==Pediatric Dosing==
===General (>6 Months)===
*4mg/kg/dose PO q12h
*Max: 400mg/day

===Acute [[Otitis Media]]===
*4mg/kg PO q12h x 10 days

==Special Populations==
*Pregnancy: Category B (Limited data; use only if clearly needed)
*Lactation: Excreted in breast milk; use with caution
*Renal
**Adult
***CrCl > 30: No adjustment required
***CrCl < 30: Increase dosing interval (q24h) or reduce dose by 50%
***Hemodialysis: Supplement required after dialysis
**Pediatric
***Not fully defined; adjust based on adult GFR principles
*Hepatic
**No extensive metabolism; specific adjustments not usually required

==Contraindications==
*Allergy to class/drug (Cephalosporins)
*Prior immediate hypersensitivity reaction to Penicillin

==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
*[[Anaphylaxis]]
*[[Stevens-Johnson Syndrome]]
*[[Clostridium difficile]] associated diarrhea
*[[Angioedema]]

===Common===
*[[Diarrhea]]
*[[Nausea]]
*[[Abdominal Pain]]
*[[Rash]]
*Dyspepsia
*Headache

==Pharmacology==
*Half-life: 5-7h (Long half-life allows for BID dosing)
*Metabolism: Hydrolyzed in intestinal wall from prodrug (pentexil) to active cefdaloxime
*Excretion: Urine (largely unchanged)
*Mechanism of Action: Bactericidal; inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis. Notable for stability against beta-lactamases.

==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide, Int J Antimicrob Agents</ref>==
{| class="wikitable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Group'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Organism'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Sensitivity'''
|-
| Gram Positive||[[Strep. Group A, B, C, G]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Strep. Pneumoniae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Viridans strep]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||Strep. anginosus gp||X1
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecalis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecium]]||R
|-
| ||[[MSSA]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[CA-MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[Staph. Epidermidis]]||I
|-
| ||[[C. jeikeium]]||R
|-
| ||[[L. monocytogenes]]||R
|-
| Gram Negatives||[[N. gonorrhoeae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[N. meningitidis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[H. influenzae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[E. coli]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Klebsiella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+||R
|-
| ||E coli/Klebsiella KPC+||R
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC neg||I
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC pos||R
|-
| ||[[Serratia]] sp||I
|-
| ||Serratia marcescens||R
|-
| ||[[Salmonella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Shigella]] sp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus mirabilis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus vulgaris]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Providencia sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Morganella sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter freundii]]||R
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter diversus]]||I
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Aeromonas sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Acinetobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]||R
|-
| ||[[Burkholderia cepacia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Stenotrophomonas maltophilia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Francisella tularensis]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Brucella sp.]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Legionella sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Pasteurella multocida]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Haemophilus ducreyi]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Vibrio vulnificus]]||X1
|-
| Misc||[[Chlamydophila sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Mycoplasm pneumoniae]]||R
|-
| ||[[Rickettsia sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Mycobacterium avium]]||R
|-
| Anaerobes||[[Actinomyces]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Bacteroides fragilis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Prevotella melaninogenica]]||I
|-
| ||[[Clostridium difficile]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Clostridium (not difficile)]]||I
|-
| ||[[Fusobacterium necrophorum]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Peptostreptococcus sp.]]||'''S'''
|}

===Key===
{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}}

==See Also==
*[[Antibiotics (Main)]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:ID]]

Cefdaloxime - Revision history