Nonbenzodiazepine: Difference between revisions
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*Nonbenzodiazepine pharmacodynamics are similar in mechanism of action to benzodiazepine drugs, acting as GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators of the benzodiazepine site, and therefore exhibit similar benefits, side effects, and risks. | *Nonbenzodiazepine pharmacodynamics are similar in mechanism of action to benzodiazepine drugs, acting as GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators of the benzodiazepine site, and therefore exhibit similar benefits, side effects, and risks. | ||
**However, nonbenzodiazepines have dissimilar or entirely different chemical structures, so are unrelated to benzodiazepines on a molecular level. | **However, nonbenzodiazepines have dissimilar or entirely different chemical structures, so are unrelated to benzodiazepines on a molecular level. | ||
*'''[[High-risk geriatric medication]]!''' | |||
==Classes== | ==Classes== | ||
'''Imidazopyridines''' | '''Imidazopyridines''' | ||
* [[Zolpidem]] (Ambien, Ambien CR, Intermezzo, Zolpimist, Edluar, Ivadal, Sanval, Stilnox, etc.) | * [[Zolpidem]] (Ambien, Ambien CR, Intermezzo, Zolpimist, Edluar, Ivadal, Sanval, Stilnox, etc.) | ||
'''Pyrazolopyrimidines''' | '''Pyrazolopyrimidines''' | ||
* [[Zaleplon]] (Sonata, Starnoc, Andante) | * [[Zaleplon]] (Sonata, Starnoc, Andante) | ||
'''Cyclopyrrolones''' | '''Cyclopyrrolones''' | ||
* [[Eszopiclone]] (Lunesta, Valnoc, etc.) | * [[Eszopiclone]] (Lunesta, Valnoc, etc.) | ||
* [[Zopiclone]] (Imovane, Zimovane, Somnol, etc.) | * [[Zopiclone]] (Imovane, Zimovane, Somnol, etc.) | ||
'''β-Carbolines''' | '''β-Carbolines''' | ||
* | * None clinically available | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
Latest revision as of 23:26, 20 May 2026
Background
- Nonbenzodiazepines (i.e., "Z-drugs"), are a class of psychoactive, depressant, sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic drugs that are benzodiazepine-like in uses, such as for treating insomnia and anxiety.
- Nonbenzodiazepine pharmacodynamics are similar in mechanism of action to benzodiazepine drugs, acting as GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators of the benzodiazepine site, and therefore exhibit similar benefits, side effects, and risks.
- However, nonbenzodiazepines have dissimilar or entirely different chemical structures, so are unrelated to benzodiazepines on a molecular level.
- High-risk geriatric medication!
Classes
Imidazopyridines
- Zolpidem (Ambien, Ambien CR, Intermezzo, Zolpimist, Edluar, Ivadal, Sanval, Stilnox, etc.)
Pyrazolopyrimidines
- Zaleplon (Sonata, Starnoc, Andante)
Cyclopyrrolones
- Eszopiclone (Lunesta, Valnoc, etc.)
- Zopiclone (Imovane, Zimovane, Somnol, etc.)
β-Carbolines
- None clinically available